Frustration: The Study of Behavior Without a Goal by Norman R. F. Maier explores the distinction between frustrated and motivated behavior. The book argues that these two types of behavior must be treated as separate processes. Maier examines how behavior without a goal operates independently of any end objectives, even though the individual involved may have a goal in mind. The text delves into how frustration can be found in both humans and animals under different circumstances and explores the secondary problem of species and individual differences in frustration. The book offers experimental evidence, scientific insights, and theoretical implications drawn from Maier's extensive research, primarily with rats. The purpose of the book is to present new behavior principles under conditions of frustration and to offer fresh concepts for understanding and analyzing human behavior. The volume aims to integrate these principles with existing knowledge and shows their impact on psychological theory and practical behavior problem-solving.